Scalar types

Strings

Table 1. String format specifiers
FormatDescription

s

The argument is treated and presented as a string (default for strings)

Numbers

Table 2. Number format specifiers
FormatDescription

b

The argument is treated as an integer and presented as a binary number

c

The argument is treated as an integer and presented as the character with that ASCII

d

The argument is treated as an integer and presented as a (signed) decimal number (default for integers)

e

The argument is treated as scientific notation (e.g. 1.2e+2). The precision specifier stands for the number of digits after the decimal point

E

Like the e specifier but uses uppercase letter (e.g. 1.2E+2)

f

The argument is treated as a float and presented as a floating-point number (locale aware)

F

The argument is treated as a float and presented as a floating-point number (non-locale aware)

g

General format.

Let P equal the precision if nonzero, 6 if the precision is omitted, or 1 if the precision is zero. Then, if a conversion with style E would have an exponent of X:

If P > X ≥ −4, the conversion is with style f and precision P − (X + 1). Otherwise, the conversion is with style e and precision P − 1.

G

Like the g specifier but uses E and f

o

The argument is treated as an integer and presented as an octal number